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| 2011/10/17 |
| 제목 : API STD 650 (08/00/2011)
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| 글쓴이 : 고객지원팀 |
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Document Summary
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API STD 650
Revision / Edition: 11
Date: 08/00/2011
Title: Welded Tanks for Oil Storage - Eleventh Edition; Incorporating Addendum 1: November 2008;
Addendum 2: November 2009; ADDENDUM 3: AUGUST 2011; EFFECTIVE DATE: FEBRUARY 1,2012
Page Count: 428
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Document Abstract
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Scope:
GENERAL
This Standard establishes minimum requirements for material, design, fabrication, erection, and testing
for vertical, cylindrical, aboveground, closed- and open-top, welded storage tanks in various sizes
and capacities for internal pressures approximating atmospheric pressure (internal pressures not
exceeding the weight of the roof plates), but a higher internal pressure is permitted when additional
requirements are met . This Standard applies only to tanks whose entire bottom is uniformly supported
and to tanks in non-refrigerated service that have a maximum design temperature of 93°C (200°F) or
less .
● This Standard is designed to provide industry with tanks of adequate safety and reasonable
economy for use in the storage of petroleum, petroleum products, and other liquid products. This
Standard does not present or establish a fixed series of allowable tank sizes; instead, it is intended
to permit the Purchaser to select whatever size tank may best meet his needs. This Standard is
intended to help Purchasers and Manufacturers in ordering, fabricating, and erecting tanks; it is not
intended to prohibit Purchasers and Manufacturers from purchasing or fabricating tanks that meet
specifications other than those contained in this Standard.
Note: A bullet (●) at the beginning of a paragraph indicates that there is an expressed decision or
action required of the Purchaser. The Purchaser's responsibility is not limited to these decisions or
actions alone. When such decisions and actions are taken, they are to be specified in documents
such as requisitions, change orders, data sheets, and drawings.
● This Standard has requirements given in two alternate systems of units. The Manufacturer shall
comply with either:
1. all of the requirements given in this Standard in SI units, or
2. all of the requirements given in this Standard in US Customary units.
The selection of which set of requirements (SI or US Customary) to apply shall be a matter of mutual
agreement between the Manufacturer and Purchaser and indicated on the Data Sheet, Page 1.
All tanks and appurtenances shall comply with the Data Sheet and all attachments.
● Field-erected tanks shall be furnished completely erected, tested, and ready for service
connections, unless specified otherwise. Shop-fabricated tanks shall be furnished tested and ready
for installation.
● The appendices of this Standard provide a number of design options requiring decisions by the
Purchaser, standard requirements, recommendations, and information that supplements the basic
standard. Except for Appendix L, an appendix becomes a requirement only when the Purchaser
specifies an option covered by that appendix or specifies the entire appendix. See Table 1-1 for the
status of each appendix.
Appendix A provides alternative simplified design requirements for tanks where the stressed
components, such as shell plates and reinforcing plates, are limited to a maximum nominal thickness
of 12.5 mm (1/2 in.), including any corrosion allowance, and whose design metal temperature
exceeds the minimums stated in the appendix.
Appendix AL provides requirements for aluminum tanks.
Appendix B provides recommendations for the design and construction of foundations for flat-bottom
oil storage tanks.
Appendix C provides minimum requirements for pontoon-type and double-deck-type external floating
roofs.
Appendix D provides requirements for submission of technical inquiries regarding this Standard.
● Appendix E provides minimum requirements for tanks subject to seismic loading. An alternative or
supplemental design may be mutually agreed upon by the Manufacturer and the Purchaser.
Appendix F provides requirements for the design of tanks subject to a small internal pressure.
Appendix G provides requirements for aluminum dome roofs.
Appendix H provides minimum requirements that apply to an internal floating roof in a tank with a fixed
roof at the top of the tank shell.
Appendix I provides acceptable construction details that may be specified by the Purchaser for design
and construction of tank and foundation systems that provide leak detection and subgrade protection
in the event of tank bottom leakage, and provides for tanks supported by grillage.
Appendix J provides requirements covering the complete shop assembly of tanks that do not exceed 6
m (20 ft) in diameter.
Appendix K provides a sample application of the variable-design-point method to determine shell-
plate thicknesses.
Appendix L provides the Data Sheet and the Data Sheet instructions for listing required information to
be used by the Purchaser and the Manufacturer. The use of the Data Sheet is mandatory, unless
waived by the Purchaser.
Appendix M provides requirements for tanks with a maximum design temperature exceeding 93°C (200°
F) but not exceeding 260°C (500°F).
Appendix N provides requirements for the use of new or unused plate and pipe materials that are not
completely identified as complying with any listed specification for use in accordance with this
Standard.
Appendix O provides recommendations for the design and construction of under-bottom connections
for storage tanks.
Appendix P provides requirements for design of shell openings that conform to Tables 5-6a and 5-6b
that are subject to external piping loads. An alternative or supplemental design may be agreed upon
by the Purchaser or Manufacturer.
Appendix R provides a description of the load combinations used for the design equations appearing
in this Standard.
Appendix S provides requirements for stainless steel tanks.
Appendix SC provides requirements for mixed material tanks using stainless steel (including
austenitic and duplex) and carbon steel in the same tank for shell rings, bottom plates, roof structure,
and other parts of a tank requiring high corrosion resistance.
Appendix T summarizes the requirements for inspection by method of examination and the reference
sections within the Standard. The acceptance standards, inspector qualifications, and procedure
requirements are also provided. This appendix is not intended to be used alone to determine the
inspection requirements within this Standard. The specific requirements listed within each applicable
section shall be followed in all cases.
Appendix U provides requirements covering the substitution of ultrasonic examination in lieu of
radiographic examination.
Appendix V provides additional requirements for tanks that are designed to operate under external
pressure (vacuum) conditions.
Appendix W provides recommendations covering commercial and documentation issues. Alternative or
supplemental requirements may be mutually agreed upon by the Manufacturer and the Purchaser.
Appendix X provides requirements for duplex stainless steel tanks.
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References
--------------------------------
29 CFR PART 1910 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
40 CFR PART 264 STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES
40 CFR PART 63 NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR
SOURCE CATEGORIES
40 CFR PART 68 CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS
ACI 318 ERTA Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary
ACI 350 ERTA CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CONCRETE
STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY
AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
AISI T-192
API BULL D12A WELL NUMBER AND STANDARD STATE AND COUNTY NUMERIC CODES INCLUDING
OFFSHORE WATERS (R 1985) (WITHDRAWN)
API MPMS 19
API RP 12H Recommended Practice for Installation of new Bottoms in old storage tanks
API RP 2016 Guidelines and Procedures for Entering and Cleaning Petroleum Storage Tanks
API SPEC 12B Specification for Bolted Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids
API SPEC 12D Specification for Field Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids
API SPEC 12F Specification for Shop Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids
API SPEC 5L Specification for Line Pipe
API STD 12E SPECIFICATION FOR WOODEN PRODUCTION TANKS
API STD 2015 Requirements for Safe Entry and Cleaning of Petroleum Storage Tanks
ASCE 7-10 ERTA Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
ASME B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
ASME B16.1 Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings Classes 25, 125, and 250
ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 Through NPS 60 Metric/Inch Standard
ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS 1/2 Through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard
ASNT CP-189 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING PERSONNEL
ASNT RP SNT-TC-1
ASTM A1011/A1011M Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural,
High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-High Strength
ASTM A105/A105M Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
ASTM A106/A106M Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service
ASTM A131/A131M Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Ships
ASTM A181/A181M Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping
ASTM A182/A182M Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service
ASTM A20/A20M Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure
Vessels
ASTM A213/A213M Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler,
Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes
ASTM A216/A216M Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for
High-Temperature Service
ASTM A234/A234M Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel
for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A240/A240M REV A Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel
Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
ASTM A27/A27M Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
ASTM A276 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
ASTM A283/A283M Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel
Plates
ASTM A285/A285M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low- and
Intermediate-Tensile Strength
ASTM A307 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength
ASTM A312/A312M Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
Stainless Steel Pipes
ASTM A320/A320M Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-
Temperature Service
ASTM A333/A333M Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature
Service
ASTM A334/A334M REV A Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel
Tubes for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A350/A350M Standard Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch
Toughness Testing for Piping Components
ASTM A351/A351M Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
ASTM A358/A358M REV A Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-
Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General Applications
ASTM A36/A36M Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
ASTM A370 Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A380 Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts,
Equipment, and Systems
ASTM A403/A403M REV A Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
ASTM A420/A420M REV A Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy
Steel for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A479/A479M Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and
Other Pressure Vessels
ASTM A480/A480M REV A Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless
and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
ASTM A516/A516M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate-
and Lower-Temperature Service
ASTM A524 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower
Temperatures
ASTM A53/A53M Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded
and Seamless
ASTM A537/A537M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-
Manganese- Silicon Steel
ASTM A573/A573M Standard Specification for Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness
ASTM A6/A6M Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars,
Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
ASTM A633/A633M Standard Specification for Normalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel
Plates
ASTM A662/A662M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon
Steel, for Moderate and Lower Temperature Service
ASTM A671/A671M Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and
Lower Temperatures
ASTM A678/A678M Standard Specification for Quenched-and-Tempered Carbon and High-Strength
Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates
ASTM A737/A737M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel
ASTM A841/A841M REV A Standard Specification for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels, Produced by
Thermo- Mechanical Control Process (TMCP)
ASTM A924/A924M REV A Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Metallic-
Coated by the Hot-Dip Process
ASTM A992/A992M Standard Specification for Structural Steel Shapes
ASTM B209 Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate
ASTM B209M Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate (Metric)
ASTM B210 Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes
ASTM B210M Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes
[Metric]
ASTM B211 Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire
ASTM B211M Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire [Metric]
ASTM B221 Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire,
Profiles, and Tubes
ASTM B221M Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire,
Profiles, and Tubes [Metric]
ASTM B241/B241M Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and
Seamless Extruded Tube
ASTM B247 Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings,
and Rolled Ring Forgings
ASTM B247M Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Die Forgings, Hand Forgings,
and Rolled Ring Forgings (Metric)
ASTM B308/B308M Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy 6061-T6 Standard Structural Profiles
ASTM B345/B345M Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Seamless Pipe and
Seamless Extruded Tube for Gas and Oil Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
ASTM B928/B928M Standard Specification for High Magnesium Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate for
Marine Service and Similar Environments
ASTM C509 Standard Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing Material
ASTM D3453 Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials?Urethane for Furniture and
Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
ASTM E84 REV A Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
ASTM F467 Standard Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use
ASTM F467M REV A Standard Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use (Metric)
ASTM F468 Standard Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use
ASTM F468M Standard Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs for General
Use [Metric]
ASTM F593 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs
ASTM F594 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Nuts
AWS A5.1/A5.1M Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
AWS A5.10/A5.10M Specification for Bare Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Welding Electrodes and Rods
AWS A5.5/A5.5M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
AWS D1.2/D1.2M Structural Welding Code? Aluminum
CEN EN 10025 Iron and Steel Products, Structural Steels, Non Alloy Steel, Hot Rolled Products, Quality
Classes, Designation, Specification, Chemical Composition, Mechanical Property, Mechanical Test,
Inspection, Marking
ISO 630 Structural Steels - Plates, Wide Flats, Bars, Sections and Profiles
NFPA 11 AMD 1 Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam
NFPA 30 ERTA 1 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
NFPA 780 Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems
PIP STF05501 Fixed Ladders and Cages
PIP STF05520 Details for Pipe Railing for Walking and Working Surfaces
PIP STF05521 Details for Angle Railings for Walking and Working Surfaces
TT-S-230A CANC NOTICE 2 SEALING COMPOUND, SYNTHETIC-RUBBER BASE, SINGLE
COMPONENT CHEMICALLY CURING (FOR CALKING, AND GLAZING IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION)
ZZ-R-765E CANC NOTICE 1 RUBBER, SILICONE (GENERAL SPECIFICATION)
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