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| 2013/03/18 |
| 제목 : API STD 650 (03/00/2013) 출간
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| 글쓴이 : 고객지원팀 |
API STD 650 (03/00/2013)
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Document Summary
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API STD 650
Revision / Edition: 12
Date: 03/00/2013
Title: WELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE
Page Count: 514
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Document Abstract
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Scope:
General
This standard establishes minimum requirements for material, design, fabrication, erection, and
inspection for vertical, cylindrical, aboveground, closed- and open-top, welded storage tanks in
various sizes and capacities for internal pressures approximating atmospheric pressure (internal
pressures not exceeding the weight of the roof plates), but a higher internal pressure is permitted
when additional requirements are met (see 1.1.13). This standard applies only to tanks whose entire
bottom is uniformly supported and to tanks in non-refrigerated service that have a maximum design
temperature of 93 °C (200 °F) or less.
This standard is designed to provide industry with tanks of adequate safety and reasonable economy
for use in the storage of petroleum, petroleum products, and other liquid products. This standard does
not present or establish a fixed series of allowable tank sizes; instead, it is intended to permit the
Purchaser to select whatever size tank may best meet his needs. This standard is intended to help
Purchasers and Manufacturers in ordering, fabricating, and erecting tanks; it is not intended to
prohibit Purchasers and Manufacturers from purchasing or fabricating tanks that meet specifications
other than those contained in this standard.
NOTE A bullet (●) at the beginning of a paragraph indicates that there is an expressed decision or
action required of the Purchaser. The Purchaser's responsibility is not limited to these decisions or
actions alone. When such decisions and actions are taken, they are to be specified in documents
such as requisitions, change orders, data sheets, and drawings.
This standard has requirements given in two alternate systems of units. The Manufacturer shall
comply with either:
1) all of the requirements given in this standard in SI units; or
2) all of the requirements given in this standard in US Customary units.
The selection of which set of requirements (SI or US Customary) to apply shall be a matter of mutual
agreement between the Manufacturer and Purchaser and indicated on the Data Sheet, Page 1.
All tanks and appurtenances shall comply with the Data Sheet and all attachments.
Field-erected tanks shall be furnished completely erected, inspected, and ready for service
connections, unless specified otherwise. Shop-fabricated tanks shall be furnished inspected and
ready for installation.
The appendices of this standard provide a number of design options requiring decisions by the
Purchaser, standard requirements, recommendations, and information that supplements the basic
standard. Except for Annex L, an Annex becomes a requirement only when the Purchaser specifies
an option covered by that Annex or specifies the entire Annex. See Table 1.1 for the status of each
Annex.
Annex A provides alternative simplified design requirements for tanks where the stressed
components, such as shell plates and reinforcing plates, are limited to a maximum nominal thickness
of 12.5 mm (½ in.), including any corrosion allowance, and whose design metal temperature exceeds
the minimums stated in the Annex.
Annex AL provides requirements for aluminum tanks.
Annex B provides recommendations for the design and construction of foundations for flat-bottom oil
storage tanks.
Annex C provides minimum requirements for pontoon-type and double-deck-type external floating
roofs.
Annex D provides requirements for submission of technical inquiries regarding this standard.
Annex E provides minimum requirements for tanks subject to seismic loading. An alternative or
supplemental design may be mutually agreed upon by the Manufacturer and the Purchaser.
Annex F provides requirements for the design of tanks subject to a small internal pressure.
Annex G provides requirements for aluminum dome roofs.
Annex H provides minimum requirements that apply to an internal floating roof in a tank with a fixed
roof at the top of the tank shell.
Annex I provides acceptable construction details that may be specified by the Purchaser for design
and construction of tank and foundation systems that provide leak detection and subgrade protection
in the event of tank bottom leakage, and provides for tanks supported by grillage.
Annex J provides requirements covering the complete shop assembly of tanks that do not exceed 6 m
(20 ft) in diameter.
Annex K provides a sample application of the variable-design-point method to determine shell-plate
thicknesses.
Annex L provides the Data Sheet and the Data Sheet instructions for listing required information to be
used by the Purchaser and the Manufacturer. The use of the Data Sheet is mandatory, unless waived
by the Purchaser.
Annex M provides requirements for tanks with a maximum design temperature exceeding 93 °C (200 °
F) but not exceeding 260 °C (500 °F).
Annex N provides requirements for the use of new or unused plate and pipe materials that are not
completely identified as complying with any listed specification for use in accordance with this
standard.
Annex O provides recommendations for the design and construction of under-bottom connections for
storage tanks.
Annex P provides requirements for design of shell openings that conform to Table 5-6a and Table 5-
6b that are subject to external piping loads. An alternative or supplemental design may be agreed
upon by the Purchaser or Manufacturer.
Annex S provides requirements for stainless steel tanks.
Annex SC provides requirements for mixed material tanks using stainless steel (including austenitic
and duplex) and carbon steel in the same tank for shell rings, bottom plates, roof structure, and other
parts of a tank requiring high corrosion resistance.
Annex T summarizes the requirements for examination by method of examination and the reference
sections within the standard. The acceptance standards, inspector qualifications, and procedure
requirements are also provided. This Annex is not intended to be used alone to determine the
examination requirements within this standard. The specific requirements listed within each applicable
section shall be followed in all cases.
Annex U provides requirements covering the substitution of ultrasonic examination in lieu of
radiographic examination.
Annex V provides additional requirements for tanks that are designed to operate under external
pressure (vacuum) conditions.
Annex W provides recommendations covering commercial and documentation issues. Alternative or
supplemental requirements may be mutually agreed upon by the Manufacturer and the Purchaser.
Annex X provides requirements for duplex stainless steel tanks.
Annex Y provides requirements for API Licensees wishing to mark their products with the API
Monogram.
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References
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29 CFR PART 1910 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
40 CFR PART 264 STANDARDS FOR OWNERS AND OPERATORS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
TREATMENT, STORAGE, AND DISPOSAL FACILITIES
40 CFR PART 63 NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR
SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED)
40 CFR PART 68 CHEMICAL ACCIDENT PREVENTION PROVISIONS
ACI 318 ERTA Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) and Commentary
ACI 350 ERTA CODE REQUIREMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CONCRETE
STRUCTURES AND COMMENTARY
AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings
API MPMS 19.1 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 19.1 Evaporative Loss From
Fixed-Roof Tanks - Fourth Edition
API MPMS 19.1A Evaporation Loss from Low-Pressure Tanks - First Edition
API MPMS 19.1D Documentation File for API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter
19.1 - Evaporative Loss from Fixed Roof Tanks - First Edition; Erratum - 1994
API MPMS 19.2 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 19.2 Evaporative Loss From
Floating-Roof Tanks - Third Edition
API MPMS 19.3 PART A Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 19.3?Evaporative Loss
Measurement Part A?Wind Tunnel Test Method for the Measurement of Deck-Fitting Loss Factors for
External Floating-Roof Tanks - First Edition
API MPMS 19.4 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 19.4 Evaporative Loss
Reference Information and Speciation Methodology - Third Edition
API PUBL 2026 Safe Access/Egress Involving Floating Roofs of Storage Tanks in Petroleum Service -
Second Edition
API PUBL 937 Evaluation of Design Criteria for Storage Tanks with Frangible Roof Joints
API PUBL 937-A Study to Establish Relations for the Relative Strength of API 650 Cone Roof Roof-to-
Shell and Shell-to-Bottom Joints
API RP 2003 Protection Against Ignitions Arising out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents - Seventh
Edition
API RP 2350 Overfill Protection for Storage Tanks in Petroleum Facilities - Third Edition
API RP 582 Welding Guidelines for the Chemical, Oil, and Gas Industries - Second Edition
API RP 651 Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tanks - Third Edition
API RP 652 Linings of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms - Third Edition
API SPEC 5L Specification for Line Pipe - FORTY-FIFTH EDITION; EFFECTIVE DATE: JULY 1, 2013
API STD 2000 Venting Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks - Sixth Edition
API STD 620 Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-pressure Storage Tanks - Eleventh
Edition; Incorporating Addendum 1: March 2009; Addendum 2: August 2010; Addendum 3: March 2012
ASCE 7-10 ERTA Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
ASCE 7-10 ERTA Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
ASME B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch) - Revision and Redesignation of ASME/ANSI
B2.1-1968
ASME B16.1 Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings Classes 25, 125, and 250
ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 Through NPS 60 Metric/Inch Standard
ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS 1/2 Through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard
ASME/BPVC SEC IX SECTION IX QUALIFICATION STANDARD FOR WELDING AND BRAZING
PROCEDURES, WELDERS, BRAZERS, AND WELDING AND BRAZING OPERATORS WELDING AND
BRAZING QUALIFICATIONS - INCLUDES 2011 ADDENDA
ASME/BPVC SEC V SECTION V NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION - INCLUDES 2011 ADDENDA
ASME/BPVC SEC VIII-1 SECTION VIII DIVISION 1 RULES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF PRESSURE
VESSELS - INCLUDES 2011 ADDENDA
ASNT ASNT-TC-1A TC RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR PERSONAL QUALIFICATION AND
CERTIFICATION IN NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING - Item no. 2071; INCLUDES ASNT-CP-105
ASNT CP-189 QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION OF NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING PERSONNEL -
Item no. 2508 , Includes CP-105
ASTM A1011/A1011M REV B Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon,
Structural, High- Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, and Ultra-
High Strength
ASTM A105/A105M Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications
ASTM A106/A106M Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature
Service
ASTM A131/A131M Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Ships
ASTM A181/A181M Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for General-Purpose Piping
ASTM A182/A182M REV B Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service
ASTM A193/A193M REV B Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High
Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
ASTM A194/A194M REV A Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High
Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
ASTM A20/A20M Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure
Vessels
ASTM A213/A213M REV A Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel
Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes
ASTM A216/A216M Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for
High-Temperature Service
ASTM A234/A234M REV A Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy
Steel for Moderate and High Temperature Service
ASTM A240/A240M REV A Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel
Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
ASTM A27/A27M Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application
ASTM A276 Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
ASTM A283/A283M Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel
Plates
ASTM A285/A285M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, Low-and
Intermediate-Tensile Strength
ASTM A307 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts, Studs, and Threaded Rod 60 000 PSI
Tensile Strength
ASTM A312/A312M REV A Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked
Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
ASTM A320/A320M REV A Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for Low-
Temperature Service
ASTM A333/A333M Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Temperature
Service
ASTM A334/A334M REV A Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon and Alloy-Steel
Tubes for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A350/A350M Standard Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch
Toughness Testing for Piping Components
ASTM A351/A351M REV B Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing
Parts
ASTM A358/A358M Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel
Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General Applications
ASTM A36/A36M Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
ASTM A370 REV A Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A380 Standard Practice for Cleaning, Descaling, and Passivation of Stainless Steel Parts,
Equipment, and Systems
ASTM A403/A403M Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic Stainless Steel Piping Fittings
ASTM A420/A420M REV A Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy
Steel for Low-Temperature Service
ASTM A479/A479M Standard Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and
Other Pressure Vessels
ASTM A480/A480M Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and
Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
ASTM A516/A516M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Moderate-
and Lower-Temperature Service
ASTM A524 Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower
Temperatures
ASTM A53/A53M Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded
and Seamless
ASTM A537/A537M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Heat-Treated, Carbon-
Manganese- Silicon Steel
ASTM A573/A573M Standard Specification for Structural Carbon Steel Plates of Improved Toughness
ASTM A6/A6M REV A Standard Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel
Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
ASTM A633/A633M Standard Specification for Normalized High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel
Plates
ASTM A662/A662M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon-Manganese-Silicon
Steel, for Moderate and Lower Temperature Service
ASTM A671/A671M Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and
Lower Temperatures
ASTM A678/A678M Standard Specification for Quenched-and-Tempered Carbon and High-Strength
Low-Alloy Structural Steel Plates
ASTM A737/A737M Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel
ASTM A841/A841M REV A Standard Specification for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels, Produced by
Thermo- Mechanical Control Process (TMCP)
ASTM A924/A924M REV A Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Metallic-
Coated by the Hot-Dip Process
ASTM A992/A992M Standard Specification for Structural Steel Shapes
ASTM C509 Standard Specification for Elastomeric Cellular Preformed Gasket and Sealing Material
ASTM D3453 Standard Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials-Urethane for Furniture and
Automotive Cushioning, Bedding, and Similar Applications
ASTM E84 REV C Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
AWS A5.1/A5.1M Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal ArcWelding - 14th
Edition
AWS A5.5/A5.5M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
AWS D1.2/D1.2M Structural Welding Code? Aluminum - Fifth Edition
CEN EN 10025 Iron and Steel Products, Structural Steels, Non Alloy Steel, Hot Rolled Products, Quality
Classes, Designation, Specification, Chemical Composition, Mechanical Property, Mechanical Test,
Inspection, Marking - Incorporates Amendment A1: 1993
ISO 630-1 Structural steels ? Part 1: General technical delivery conditions for hot-rolled products -
First Edition
ISO 630-2 Structural steels ? Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for structural steels for general
purposes - Second Edition
ISO 630-3 Structural steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for finegrain structural steels - First
Edition
ISO 630-4 Structural steels - Part 4: Technical delivery conditions for highyield-strength quenched
and tempered structural steel plates - First Edition
NFPA 11 AMD 1 Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam - Effective Date: March 23,
2010
NFPA 30 ERTA 2 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
PIP STF05501 Fixed Ladders and Cages Fabrication Details
PIP STF05520 Details for Pipe Railing for Walking and Working Surfaces
PIP STF05521 Details for Angle Railings for Walking and Working Surfaces - Technical Correction:
6/2004
TT-S-230A CANC NOTICE 2 SEALING COMPOUND, SYNTHETIC-RUBBER BASE, SINGLE
COMPONENT CHEMICALLY CURING (FOR CALKING, AND GLAZING IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION)
WRC BULLETIN 297 LOCAL STRESSES IN CYLINDRICAL SHELLS DUE TO EXTERNAL LOADINGS ON
NOZZLES - To Purchase Call 1-800-854-7179 USA/Canada or 303-397-7956 Worldwide
ZZ-R-765E CANC NOTICE 1 RUBBER, SILICONE (GENERAL SPECIFICATION)
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